Data sources

The following drivers are implemented in this project, additional drivers (e.g. zarr) are available elsewhere. Please note that some overlap exists between the drivers. Most of this is on purpose. For instance, imageio can load nrrd files, but limitations with metadata handling prompted the use of a dedicated pynrrd-based driver instead.

Primary

Name File extension/description Docs
Bio-Formats most image formats used in microscopy, incl. many that are proprietary link
DICOM .dicom, .dcm, .dicom.zip, .dcm.zip link
imageio most standard image formats link
KLB .klb link
NIFTI .nii, .nii.gz link
NRRD .nrrd link
TIF tif, tiff, ome.tif, ome.tiff link

Meta

These drivers attempt to automatically detect the correct primary driver to use. When the data is partitioned across multiple files of different formats, a combination of sources is used.

Name Description Docs
Directory concatenate image files in a directory along given axis link
File pattern specify file pattern to load image files into multi-dimensional array link
Flywheel commercial image database, HIPAA and GDPR compliant link
List concatenate list of files or intake sources along given axis link

Compatibility

The basic formats and protocols (e.g. local file, http, ftp, …) supported by each source are listed in the source’s documentation, as linked above. Additionally, below is a list of commonly used software with an incomplete list of image export/import formats and methods with intake_io.

ANTs

ANTs prefers .nrrd and .nii.gz formats for images and pixel spacing metadata. intake_io loads and saves these formats in a manner that is compatible with ANTs.

ilastik

Saving images as TIF hyperstacks (see ImageJ/Fiji section below) before loading them into ilastik is one of the most reliable methods to import complex images with axis metadata into ilastik. Other image formats supported by ilastik will work too, but may require manually specifying the axis order after import.

ImageJ/Fiji

intake_io attempts to save TIF files according to ImageJ’s TIF hyperstack specification, including axes and spacing metadata. However, multi-image arrays (axis “i”) are unsuported by the hyperstack specification. Furthermore, the following pixel data types are unsupported by ImageJ’s TIF loader: int8, u/int32, u/int64, float64.